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Light dimmer switch; can failure just cause lack of bright lights?

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Light dimmer switch; can failure just cause lack of bright lights? Paul Soderman 11-06-2007
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Posted by lee h on November 7, 2007, 11:17 pm
Chris Lewis wrote:
> In junior high school we had an electronics lab that a couple of us
> spent time in. We did some stuff with SCRs. Triacs weren't available
> then I don't think.

I started in ham radio in the early fifties and most everything was
homebrew or converted military. got into solid state design as an
EE in early sixties. later ttl, lsi, vlsi, computers, etc. In the fifties,
rheostat and switched resistor dimming of lights was common
in higher end housing. I installed some myself. Not exactly
complictated circuitry.

>
> And variacs are much larger & heavier. Saw a brand new one a few
> days ago. 600W IIRC. It weighed about 25 pounds, and was bigger than
> a regular two slice toaster. >$200 IIRC. Hadn't seen one in a
> very long time.

Yes, they're still available and the Variac brand still exists. However
auto transformers are not large if only a couple hundred watts.
As I said earlier resistive type dimmers did not mount in inwall
switch boxes, but in their own enclosed panel/box on the wall
surface. (to accomodate the heat generated).

> I don't think too many people had those in their house to dim
> the mood lights.

No, not common, but by no means a rarity. Even nowadays with
the cheapness of triac dimmers, think about how small a percentage
are used. Especially where they'd be most useful. I'll bet they're
used in less than a few percent of homes and apartments.

I use dimmers in many switches in my house. They pay for
themselves in lower juice use and longer bulb light. I've got
some hard to reach ceiling fixtures with bulbs that have lasted
twenty years. I prefer the rotary to the lever type to slow
down that filament killing inrush and shock.



Posted by Chris Lewis on November 8, 2007, 10:01 am

> > I don't think too many people had those in their house to dim
> > the mood lights.

> No, not common, but by no means a rarity. Even nowadays with
> the cheapness of triac dimmers, think about how small a percentage
> are used. Especially where they'd be most useful. I'll bet they're
> used in less than a few percent of homes and apartments.

I'd think the contrary - virtually all new housing will have
at least one dimmer, and it's a very popular add-on. This
is vastly more than the old rheostat stuff. I think I'm justified
in calling something that rare "rare" ;-)

> I use dimmers in many switches in my house. They pay for
> themselves in lower juice use and longer bulb light. I've got
> some hard to reach ceiling fixtures with bulbs that have lasted
> twenty years. I prefer the rotary to the lever type to slow
> down that filament killing inrush and shock.

Given that many rotaries have "full bright" and "full off"
adjacent at one end of the travel, you can't escape abrupt
on/offs with them :-(

We're switching mostly to decora-style outlets/switches, and
rotary dimmers look stupid in decora. At least slider dimmers
"slow start" better than straight switches.

Have you seen slow-start LV fixtures yet? I replaced a burned
LV supply in an Ikea track light a few months ago with a new
LV supply bought off the Internet. We liked the fixture, and
replacing the whole thing would have been difficult - discontinued
product. Not only was it higher power and smaller size, it has
slow-start - takes a bit less than 2 seconds I think to get to
full bright. _Very_ nice feature. Those bulbs should last about
forever.
--
Chris Lewis,

Age and Treachery will Triumph over Youth and Skill
It's not just anyone who gets a Starship Cruiser class named after them.

Posted by Tony Hwang on November 8, 2007, 1:24 am
Chris Lewis wrote:

>
>>Chris Lewis wrote:
>>
>>>
>>>>franz frippl wrote:
>
>
>
>>>>>Dimmer switches are no more than rheostats. If carbon were to build
>>>>>up on part of the switch, it may be sufficient to affect voltage.
>>>>>Might cause a voltage drop.
>
>
>
>>>>>You could test this with a volt/ohm meter.
>
>
>
>>>>In ye olde days, you were right. However for many years,
>>>>the triac-based dimmer switch has been the more common.
>
>
>
>>>"More common"? Even in ye olde days, rheostat dimmers were extremely
>>>rare, and they're now essentially non-existant.
>
>
>
>>Chris, I suspect that your definition of 'ye olde' and 'many years'
>>is more short term than mine.
>
>
> Probably not. I'm older than I look ;-)
>
> In junior high school we had an electronics lab that a couple of us
> spent time in. We did some stuff with SCRs. Triacs weren't available
> then I don't think.
>
> Actually, most of what we did was with vacuum tubes. I built a
> radio telescope out of a vacuum tube IF strip out of a 50's B&W
> TV set and used an oscilloscope to display the results. 150'
> baseline on the antennas allowed me to do interferometry work.
>
> Worked pretty good ;-)
>
>
>>The SCR which enabled solid-state
>>control of dimmers was not invented until the late fifties. Rheostat
>>dimmers and auto transformers (Variacs) were the *only* means of
>>dimming lights until then.
>
>
> Not quite, but we'll take that as a given.
>
>
>>So they were hardly rare.
>
>
> How many houses had any dimming whatsoever prior to SCR/triac dimmers?
> How many houses had more than one? How many of these were used
> in general purpose things rather than very specific (and usually
> low wattage) fixtures?
>
> I would submit that up until the late 60's, general purpose dimming
> circuits were almost non-existant in residences. What dimming
> circuits there were were expensive heavy-duty industrial units,
> or low wattage (usually considerably less than 50W), often a part
> of the fixture itself, or the cabinet it was installed in.
>
>
>>Solid state
>>dimmers were not commonly used in homes until the late
>>sixties. But, you are right about the rheostat dimmer's heat
>>output. Most were mounted in a box on the outside surface of
>>a wall, not in a switchbox.
>
>
> And variacs are much larger & heavier. Saw a brand new one a few
> days ago. 600W IIRC. It weighed about 25 pounds, and was bigger than
> a regular two slice toaster. >$200 IIRC. Hadn't seen one in a
> very long time.
>
> I don't think too many people had those in their house to dim
> the mood lights.
Hmmm,
You ought know then vacuum tube version of SCR, the Thyristor!
Also include Diac as well on solid state side.

Posted by Chris Lewis on November 9, 2007, 12:22 pm
> You ought know then vacuum tube version of SCR, the Thyristor!

A thyristor is not a vacuum tube. Thyristors are semiconductors -
"four layers of alternating N and P-type material" according to
Wikipedia. Some sources consider thyristor to be synonymous with SCR,
others have thyristor include GTOs, Triacs, SJTs, SITH and MCTs too.

Didn't have much call to play with vacuum tube switching circuits, power
or otherwise - most of my playing around with tubes was RF, with RF
mid-power amp tubes and 0D3-type regulator tubes being the more exotic
stuff.

That said, we may be getting access to a 60' radio telescope dish
to do a little serious radio astronomy. The dish steering system
is a vacuum tube and electric motor implementation of an H-bridge,
similar to that used to steer things like shipboard radars. The
modern semiconductor version is used in the small scale for hobby
robots.

This has an example circuit for the small scale: http://tinyurl.com/39xw85
Here's an IC version: http://cache.national.com/ds/LM/LMD18200.pdf

The radio telescope has vacuum tubes controlling an AC motor which in
turn generates DC for the actuator DC motors. On the order of at least
5 (and probably 10 or 20HP) apiece... [Times two for the two axis]

[The unit was designed for tracking satellites back in the 60's,
so it was designed for rather faster traverse than is necessary
for radio astronomy.]

We don't believe the vacuum tube portion will still be working
(the dish been locked for ~15-20 years), so we're thinking that
we will have to replace everything but the movement motors with
modern solid-state very high power H-bridge modules. Eg: a hundred
A at 600V or something silly like that.

> Also include Diac as well on solid state side.

I've played with those (and mentioned them backthread)
--
Chris Lewis,

Age and Treachery will Triumph over Youth and Skill
It's not just anyone who gets a Starship Cruiser class named after them.

Posted by larry on November 9, 2007, 8:40 pm
Chris Lewis wrote:
>>You ought know then vacuum tube version of SCR, the Thyristor!
> A thyristor is not a vacuum tube. Thyristors are semiconductors -


He meant thyratrons, I think the 2d21's were the smallest
ones and I don't remember the number of three huge ones that
controlled our Lepel 400KW 250KHz alloy bearing surface welders.

It gets hard to remember all these names when you're old
enough to remember real power control. Also, no one
mentioned carbon piles, another version of early "dimmers" ;-)

-- larry / dallas

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