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Water Softner and filter for Well

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Water Softner and filter for Well Scott Townsend 07-07-2007
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Posted by Scott Townsend on July 8, 2007, 12:19 pm
Thank you for your reply. It did seem like the non-salt softeners were kind
of black magic. Trying to get a hold of someone was also difficult. I have
yet to try to get a hold of a salt based softener company.

> Pick the right softener (not a box store brand), size it properly for
> your water conditions and usage and the SFR of your plumbing, and get
> a competent install and you should go 15-20 years.

We are trying to save money and do this ourselves. I've started the Plumbing
manifold and its partially up.
Here is a Schematic of my Setup:
http://tinyurl.com/27c2hz

here is a Picture. Its pretty close to the Schematic
http://tinyurl.com/2y5rcb

On the Right you can see where I have the hookup for the Filter/softener.
We are Softening and filtering the water as it goes into a Storage Tank, so
the demand/usage is low. The Plumbing from the Well through the
softener/filter to the tank is all 1 1/2" pipe. Though the well Cant supply
enough to keep that pipe happy, its only about 5-7 GPM.

Do you have a Recommendation on a Softener and filter?


> Check out this URL for one story <a href="http://www.nmsr.org/
> magnetic.htm"> http://www.nmsr.org/magnetic.htm </a> and there are
> many more on the net if you Google.

Okay I have a little pride here. When I saw the magnetic things I knew to
stay away from them.

> The MOST IMPORTANT thing is that water treatment begins with a
> complete water test so you know what needs to be treated or filtered
> out to get the quality water you want.

Our Water was tested with the following results:

Total Hardness 310 mg/L

pH 6.8

Specific Conductance 830 umhos/cm

maganese <20 ug/L

Iron 580 ug/L

Nitrate 7.0 mg/L



Thanks again!



Scott<-

> To "soften" water is to remove calcium (among other things like iron)
> from the water and that is commonly done by one of two methods.
>
> One method is ion exchange as done by a water softener. A water
> softener exchanges either sodium ions (if using NaCl) or potassium
> ions (if using KCl as a SALT SUBSTITUTE) for calcium (and other) ions
> in the hard water. That's it, no ifs, no ands, no buts, and no sales
> double talk. Simple chemistry and physics. Softening water is not
> black magic. It is physics and chemistry with a side of mechanics. No
> matter how hard sales people try (and want) to they can not violate
> the laws of physics or change the nature of chemical actions and
> reactions.
>
> The other is by a filter, but no simple filter will remove calcium.
> You would need a reverse osmosis unit large enough to service your
> entire house. You would not want to pay for that big an RO nor pay for
> the service and routine maintainence it would require and RO water
> would be very agressive in your plumbing and it would waste a lot of
> water.
>
> NO magnet(ic) gizmo or electronic gizmo or "conditioner" or carbon
> filter will soften water but people waste their money on them
> EVERYDAY.
>
> Check out this URL for one story <a href="http://www.nmsr.org/
> magnetic.htm"> http://www.nmsr.org/magnetic.htm </a> and there are
> many more on the net if you Google.
>
> Pick the right softener (not a box store brand), size it properly for
> your water conditions and usage and the SFR of your plumbing, and get
> a competent install and you should go 15-20 years.
>
> The MOST IMPORTANT thing is that water treatment begins with a
> complete water test so you know what needs to be treated or filtered
> out to get the quality water you want.
>
> If you want to know more about that "slimy feeling" that comes with
> soft water go here...
> http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/jul2001/996090332.Ch.r.html
>



Posted by Gary Slusser on July 10, 2007, 12:56 pm
wrote:
> Thank you for your reply. It did seem like the non-salt softeners were kind
> of black magic. Trying to get a hold of someone was also difficult. I have
> yet to try to get a hold of a salt based softener company.
>
> > Pick the right softener (not a box store brand), size it properly for
> > your water conditions and usage and the SFR of your plumbing, and get
> > a competent install and you should go 15-20 years.
>
> We are trying to save money and do this ourselves. I've started the Plumbing
> manifold and its partially up.
> Here is a Schematic of my Setup:http://tinyurl.com/27c2hz
>
> here is a Picture. Its pretty close to the Schematichttp://tinyurl.com/2y5rcb
>
> On the Right you can see where I have the hookup for the Filter/softener.
> We are Softening and filtering the water as it goes into a Storage Tank, so
> the demand/usage is low. The Plumbing from the Well through the
> softener/filter to the tank is all 1 1/2" pipe. Though the well Cant supply
> enough to keep that pipe happy, its only about 5-7 GPM.
>
> Do you have a Recommendation on a Softener and filter?
>
> Our Water was tested with the following results:
>
> Total Hardness 310 mg/L
>
> pH 6.8
>
> Specific Conductance 830 umhos/cm
>
> maganese <20 ug/L
>
> Iron 580 ug/L
>
> Nitrate 7.0 mg/L
>
> Thanks again!
>
> Scott<-

Magnetic and electronic water "conditioners" usually do not work nor
do they remove hardness.

You are more than competent to install your own equipment.

You should have contacted a water treatment dealer experienced in well
water treatment at the beginning of your construction planning stage.

Just a quick glance at the schematic and picture of the plumbing
(great looking plumbing BTW) I think you are making a big mistake.
Actually I think I see a few mistakes based on wrong assumptions but
that's without further study of your system.

ALL ion exchange softeners use sodium or potassium chloride as a
regenerant. The resins are sodium form, not potassium but it works
albeit not as efficiently as sodium chloride; there are no potassium
form resins. Kinda like gasoline and ethanol in internal combustions
engines, it works but...

The amount of sodium added to softened water is 7.85 mg/l (roughly a
quart) per gpg of exchange. An 8 oz glass of skim milk usually has
like 530 mg of sodium... a slice of white bread, 120-160 mg. I can
look up the amount of potassium added, it's a bit more than for sodium
and too much potassium can kill ya. And pets. Many to most of our
foods contain much more sodium than our hardest softened water.

The only check valve for a submersible pump is the one in/on its
outlet in the well. Any more and you cause any problems to be hidden,
like a leak in the well plumbing.

You should be softening this water at each house.You probably will
want to remove the iron and manganese prior to the 'cistern' tanks.

Depending on the type of material of your cistern tanks, you may not
want softened water in them.

When using 'cistern' type atmospheric storage, you will need
disinfection equipment eventually.You will also have to clean and
sanitize them periodically.

Sharing a well is not a good idea, being responsible for someone's
water quantity and quality as a landlord is not much fun either.

Why use these tanks to start with?

What controls that submersible pump? Why a flow switch and an
electrical valve? I would suggest pressure switches are a better
choice than flow switches, especially with high iron.

The pressure tanks... if they are actually plumbed off a tee, you do
realize the water flow will be bi-directional right? That is a bad
idea due to at least water hammer problems.

Why two pressure tanks and how large are they?

The system would be much better with a CSV and one small 20 gal
(nominal) pressure tank and controlling the submersible pump with a
common pressure switch. Especially since there is irrigation.

You are mixing the recovery rate of the well with the output of the
submersible pump... a far too common mistake.

The plumbing is way larger than needed and will cause problems with
the sizing of a main line filter/softener. And wait until you get the
price of a 1.5" control valve... and with this design, you'll need at
least two.

I have a customer with all but the same system design at both his
house (including 2 others and a business building on the property)
and at another location with a 4 unit rental apartment building. Both
with high iron and hardness. He is using 1.5" plumbing to his cisterns
and controlling the sub pump with a float switch in a 4500 gal tank
and that tank feeds a 1500 gal by gravity feed. His primary treatment
equipment is at the well which is 100' lower and 200' away from the
4500 gal tank. A studio building is by the well house. Each building
has its own softener rather than treating double digit peak demand
with one softener and running water line back to the well house from
the 4500 gal tank. And if something goes wrong with a residential
softener, the rest of the system is not effected.

I was not involved in the design of the original system. My design
redo and equipment is the 3rd that has been there and I reused most of
his present equipment and added some and disinfection.

You only want to do the water treatment stuff once, AND it should be
the right type and SIZE before the design is as they say, set in
stone. If I'm anywhere near correct, you need much more info than you
have or has been used to design your system. Toll free hourly fee
based consultation, partially refundable with equipment purchase, is
available.

Gary
Quality Water Associates


Posted by dadiOH on July 7, 2007, 3:12 pm
Scott Townsend wrote:
> I'm looking for a non-salt/KCL water softener and filtration system
> for my home. We are running off a well.

Sodium chloride (NaCl) is salt. Potassium chloride (KCl) is also
salt.
__________________

> We had a salt based water softener before and we never liked the
> slimy feeling it left when you take a shower.

The "slimy" feeling is due to an *excess* of sodium carbonate (what's
left from NaCl after the ion exchance with calcium carbonate). If you
use KCl to soften, then what will remain is potassium carbonate.

Both sodium and potassium carbonate are bases. All bases have a slimy
feel if the concentration is high enough; however, sodium is more
reactive than potassium so it is possibel that the sliminess would be
less in equal concentrations, can't say for sure.


--

dadiOH
____________________________

dadiOH's dandies v3.06...
...a help file of info about MP3s, recording from
LP/cassette and tips & tricks on this and that.
Get it at http://mysite.verizon.net/xico




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