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Whole house surge protector?

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Whole house surge protector? Patch 07-06-2005
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Posted by L. M. Rappaport on July 11, 2005, 1:51 pm


Pop,

There's no nice way to say this. w_tom is an engineer who thoroughly
understands earthing. He understands it from not only a theoretical
standpoint, but from a practical one as well. You would do well to
listen and learn from him. I did, and I'm an electrical engineer with
30 years of experience in communications, which has involved a lot
time dealing with remote sites.

When he says "install joules" he means install devices capable of
absorbing the energy produced by a lightning strike. When he tells
you that most "whole house surge protectors" are woefully inadequate,
he is right. Don't listen to me - I'm just an ee who has dealt with
this stuff for 30 years - please read the literature: a lot of it is
available on the internet.
--

Larry
Email to rapp at lmr dot com


AppliancePartsPros.com, Inc.
Posted by CL (dnoyeB) Gilbert on July 11, 2005, 1:17 pm


L. M. Rappaport wrote:
> Pop,
>
> There's no nice way to say this. w_tom is an engineer who thoroughly
> understands earthing. He understands it from not only a theoretical
> standpoint, but from a practical one as well. You would do well to
> listen and learn from him. I did, and I'm an electrical engineer with
> 30 years of experience in communications, which has involved a lot
> time dealing with remote sites.
>
> When he says "install joules" he means install devices capable of
> absorbing the energy produced by a lightning strike. When he tells
> you that most "whole house surge protectors" are woefully inadequate,
> he is right. Don't listen to me - I'm just an ee who has dealt with
> this stuff for 30 years - please read the literature: a lot of it is
> available on the internet.
> --
>
> Larry
> Email to rapp at lmr dot com

FWIW I am also an EE and CE.(computer)

--
Respectfully,


CL Gilbert


Posted by CL (dnoyeB) Gilbert on July 11, 2005, 9:46 am


w_tom wrote:
> MOVs don't open the circuit. Even grossly undersized power
> strips that have vaporized MOVs still connect an appliance to
> AC mains. Where is this disconnection that Pop claims? It
> does not exist.
>
> A vaporized MOV operates outside of what the manufacturer
> has intended and designed. Pop, if he had used facts rather
> than post insults, would have first read those MOV datasheets
> rather than learn from a BestBuy salesman.
>
> Effective 'whole house' protectors install sufficient
> joules. The owner never knows a surge exists AND the protector
> remains functional. Power strips that are undersized will
> vaporize leaving the appliance exposed to that surge. Then
> the naive will recommend them and buy more useless protectors
> at tens of times more money per protected appliance.
>
> The naive will declare, "the protector sacrificed itself to
> save my computer." Protection already inside the adjacent
> computer saved that computer. The surge was too small to
> overwhelm internal computer protection. But the same tiny
> surge vaporized an undersized, overpriced, and ineffective
> protector. Why put sufficient joules inside a protector when
> less joules means Pop will recommend it?
>
> If MOVs worked as Pop claims, then removed MOVs (same as
> vaporized MOVs) would cause the power strip to stop working.
> Reality: even the OK light remains illuminated after all MOVs
> are removed:
> http://www.zerosurge.com/HTML/movs.html
> Why do power strips with vaporized MOVs still provide power?
> Because they do not operate as Pop has posted.
>
> Meanwhile code demands that all surge protectors not create
> flames even if operated beyond its specs. Pop instead tells
> us that "That surge ... was large enough to jump the gaps of
> the MOVs once they opened up" Therefore a fire is
> acceptable? When MOVs vaporize, the spark can continue
> jumping across the vaporized MOV. That can mean fire. MOVs
> are not designed to operate open circuited and are not
> designed to vaporize. MOVs that vaporize - go open circuit -
> can even create house fires. Why? Because the protectors was
> so grossly undersized; too few joules.
>
> Learn from what Rob Mills has posted. The last place you
> want a grossly undersized power strip protector is on a desk
> full of papers, in dust balls behind furniture, or on a rug.
> Some pictures demonstrate the problem with grossly undersized
> plug-in protectors:
>
> http://www.westwhitelandfire.com/Articles/Surge%20Protectors.pdf
>
> http://www.nmsu.edu/~safety/programs/gen_saf/surgeprotectorfire.htm
> http://www.ddxg.net/old/surge_protectors.htm
> http://www.ehs.washington.edu/LabSaf/surge.htm
> http://www.cob.org/fire/safety/surge.htm
> http://www.hanford.gov/lessons/sitell/ll00/2000-02.htm
>
> And finally: http://www.rbs2.com/fire.htm
>
>>A particularly horrifying fact is that many commercial surge
>>suppressors in the USA put the thermal disconnector and
>>varistor in series, so that — after the disconnector opens —
>>the vulnerable equipment downstream from the suppressor is
>>exposed to whatever voltage killed the varistor.
>
>
> Funny. That is not how Pop said they work. Funny. Pop
> would even call plug-in protector house fires acceptable when
> the surge is too large. Funny. He is so knowledgeable that
> he insults rather than provide numbers, science concepts, or
> citations. Worry about those grossly undersized power strip
> protectors as even Rob Mills demonstrates.
>
> Pop wrote:
>
>>===> Undersized how? They're rated for x joules, more
>>than that causes the MOVs to conduct, until they open
>>the ckt. If you mean undersized to protect against
>>monsrous surges, OF COURSE!! The sentence means
>>nothing.
>>...
>>
>>
>>>Rob Mills demonstrates, can even create a house fire.
>>
>>===> NO surge protector can protect beyond the number
>>of joules it's rated at, and it would very UNlikely to
>>have started a fire if nothing else in the house was
>>bothered. That surge, if it really happened, was large
>>enough to jump the gaps of the MOVs once they opened
>>up, and thus was capable of jumping many other gaps.
>>Sometimes though, a protector CAN sacrifice itself for
>>the equipment, which sounds like what happened, but ...
>>it wouldn't have started a fire unless it was sitting
>>inside a pile of tinder that sparks could have ignited.
>>The plastic would nto have melted or other equipment
>>would have been damaged. Black stuff only indicates
>>spark, not flame.
>>
>>> The effective protector earths a surge; and the
>>>homeowner
>>>never knows it happened.
>>
>>===> No, protectors do much more than that; they are
>>wye-connected varistors usually with inductive walls to
>>keep the lines within safe ranges of each other whether
>>it's earth or hot to neutral or ... and so on.
>>
>>> Protectors that provides effective protection are
>>>located
>>>close to earth ground AND are properly sized.
>>
>>===> What the hell do you mean by "properly sized"?
>>And what the heck does "close to ground" mean anyway?
>>
>>You have no idea what you're talking about, do you?
>>
>>This is called
>>
>>>a 'whole house' protector. Where it is located? Not
>>>on a
>>>pile of papers on a desk, or behind the furniture, on
>>>a rug,
>>>or within dust balls. Just more reasons why plug-in
>>>protectors (that cost so much money) are so
>>>ineffective.
>>
>>===> Wrong, proton breath; they are quite effective and
>>useful and are recommended for very good reasons. I
>>hope you aren't using any and that you shortly suffer
>>several power and phone line lightning hits within 5
>>miles of your home or less, preferably the transoformer
>>you're fed from. You're a moron in this area.
>> So, uhhh, just where is it located, by the way? Do
>>you even know?
>>
>>Pop


I agree with all stated here except the retributory insults to Pop.
Transformers have a way of mellowing out a surge. A surge typically has
to pass through a couple of transformers before it reaches a damageable
component.

A surge protector does not function like a circuit breaker. In fact
breaking the circuit can be worse as it can effectively create a
negative surge or an additional voltage spike.

The hardest work for a relay or a switch is breaking the current flow.

--
Respectfully,


CL Gilbert


Posted by w_tom on July 11, 2005, 9:06 pm


Let's see how a transformer can mellow out a surge.
Pictures demonstrate how the primary protection system must be
inspected and how it can be compromised:
http://www.tvtower.com/fpl.html

Assume that protection at the base of a transformer has been
compromised by a stray automobile. Lightning strikes wires
highest on pole. Lightning seeks earth ground. Normally it
would conduct via that earth ground wire (in pictures). But
that earthing wire has been cut by a stray automobile. So
transient voltage increases until transformer breakdown
voltage is obtained. Now we have a plasma wire from
transformer primary to transformer secondary. Now we have a
short circuit through transformer that lightning uses to enter
a house and damage computer. Once the transformer breakdown
voltage is exceeded, then transformer primary and secondary
are shorted together. Transformer is not mellowing out the
surge because the essential earth ground was disconnected.

Lightning is not an ideal voltage source. Lightning is a
current source. Therefore voltage between transformer primary
and secondary will increase until that current flows. IOW
voltage will increase until the transformer's breakdown
voltage is exceeded. If current has no other path to earth,
then current will create a short circuit inside transformer.

Still that internal plasma wire and lightning current does
not destroy the transformer. What comes next is more
spectacular. Lightning does not have high energy. But
electricity from the utility does. Now we have a short
circuit from primary voltages (2K, 4K, or 13Kv) to secondary
voltages (120, 240). Higher energy electricity from the
utility then uses the same plasma connection to literally
connect, for a short period, the 2K or 13K voltage into your
house. Then the transformer explodes.

Transformer was exploded by energy from a higher energy
source - the utility 2K or 13K volt electricity.

Same is true of protection inside the computer. Galvanic
isolation provided by transformers inside a power supply can
provide 1000 or 2000 volt isolation. These numbers required
even by Intel specs. But once that existing protection inside
the computer is overwhelmed - once a common mode transient
exceeds the 2000 volt breakdown voltage, then internal power
supply protection has been compromised.

Yes, a transformer is effective protection when it performs
galvanic isolation - acts like a dam. However dams without
spillways (the earth ground wire) will fail catastrophically.

Internal appliance protection can be overwhelmed if the
typically destructive transient either is not earthed before
entering a building (secondary protection), or is not earthed
at the pole transformer (primary protection). Once voltage
exceeds a transformer's breakdown voltage, then that
transformer no longer mellows a surge.

Effective protection is about earthing a transient before
that transient can overwhelm protection already inside an
appliance. That means earthing so that a transient does not
build a plasma wire inside the transformer. Once a
transformer's breakdown voltage is exceeded, a transformer no
longer mellows. And so we say, protection is only as
effective as its earth ground.

"CL (dnoyeB) Gilbert" wrote:
> ...
> Transformers have a way of mellowing out a surge. A surge typically
> has to pass through a couple of transformers before it reaches a
> damageable component.
> ...


Posted by CL (dnoyeB) Gilbert on July 12, 2005, 9:12 am


....
>
> Effective protection is about earthing a transient before
> that transient can overwhelm protection already inside an
> appliance. That means earthing so that a transient does not
> build a plasma wire inside the transformer. Once a
> transformer's breakdown voltage is exceeded, a transformer no
> longer mellows. And so we say, protection is only as
> effective as its earth ground.
>

So you agree with me then?

--
Respectfully,


CL Gilbert


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